By definition a sump pump is a pump that is placed in a sump known as a pit or basin that collects water from the ground around it. It pumps the water to a desired location away from the basement foundation to keep it dry. Water build up around the foundation can cause structural damage and moisture which leads to mold causing health issues.

A sump pump is comprised of several important parts. The switch is used to activate the pump motor to run. There are three basic types of switches. The float switch is activated as the water raises the float. The pressure switch is activated as water pressure increases. The electronic sensor switch is activated when water is sensed at a predefined level. The motor provides the energy to run the impeller which by force pushes the water from the sump pit through a discharge pipe and away from the foundation of the house. The capability of the pump motor is measured in horse power. The more horse power the more centrifugal force provided to push greater volumes of water from the sump pit in a specified time period. The impeller is the fan-like mechanism rotating inside the pump to draw water from the pit through the pump by centrifugal force and forcing the water out the discharge pipe and away from the foundation.

A sump pump can be either submersible or pedestal. A submersible sump pump is designed to be placed within the sump pit. The motor functions in water. The pedestal pump motor does not sit in the water but rather above the sump pit. The submersible pump is quieter and safer for children and pets since it is in the pit.

Sump pumps are made from plastic or metal. If the pump housing is made from plastic, the impeller will also be made from plastic. Plastic is cheaper but not as durable. If the pump housing is made from cast iron, the impeller may be plastic or cast iron. Cast iron is the most durable however costs more than plastic. If the pump housing is made from bronze, the impeller will be made from bronze or cast iron. Bronze is most expensive but very durable.

Sump pumps used for every day use are powered by electricity. Those used for emergency situations may be powered by battery or a standby generator. Due to the rise of energy costs, water powered sump pumps have become more popular.

To learn more about sump pumps, how they work, materials used in construction, and optional sources of power, check www.pumpsselection.com.